Abstract
To provide a resource for cotton genetics and breeding,an interspecific
hybridization between Gossypium hirsutumcv. Emian22 and G. barbadense acc. 3-79 was made. A population of 54 BILs (backcross inbred lines, BC1F8)
was developed with the aim of transferring G. barbadense genes into G. hirsutum in order to genetically analyze these genes' function in a G. hirsutum background and create new germplasms for breeding. Preliminary investigation of the morphological traits showed that the
BILs had diverse variations in plant architecture, seed size, and fuzz color;
the related traits of yield and fiber quality evaluated in 4 environments also
showed abundant phenotypic variation. In order to explore the molecular
diversity of the BIL population, 446 SSR markers selected at an average genetic
distance of 10 cM from our
interspecific linkage map were used to genotype the BIL population. A total of 393 polymorphic loci accounting for 84.4% MAF (major allele frequency) > 0.05 and 922 allele loci
were detected, and the Shannon diversity index (I) was 0.417 per locus. The
average introgression segment length was 16.24 cM, and an average of 29.53
segments were introgressed in each BIL line with an average background recovery of 79.8%. QTL mapping
revealed 58 QTL associated with fiber quality and yield traits, and 47 favored
alleles derived from the donor parent were discovered. This study demonstrated that the
interspecific BIL population was enriched with much phenotypic and molecular variation which
could be a resource for cotton genetics and breeding.
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